POV-Ray or Blender will happily create these with little effort. The second illustration does look a bit more confusing as to the shape, location an intersections of the various entities. The short green line showing the inclined plane's planet over the red line seems clear enough but a shadow would help. Shadows would help with clarifying the geometry in 3D, although the first of those two illustrations isn't too bad. The samples shown have no lighting or shadows. But I suspect you'd prefer spheres in 3D. Whichever tool I use, the result is an image showing the desired projection of the 3D geometric elements into 2D.Īre the round things, what I'm calling "planets" supposed to be flat circles in the final work, like in the examples? Then I'd draw them with a vector drawing app over the rendered 3D image. If it were really one-time and I didn't mind doing it all by hand, Blender is good. POV-Ray uses a scripting language allowing a record to be kept, modified, and copied for future projets. The 2D graphics already generated would become textures to be mapped to the planes. Then, I'd use POV-Ray or Blender to model the planes at whatever angles, spheres for the round things (planets?). If I had to make one nice fancy illustration like that, but even nicer and fancier, and it didn't have to be automated, I'd start by creating the graphics - at least the dashed line circles - for each of the planes as a simple flat 2D image using whatever seems handy at the moment - a vector drawing program like Illustrator or Inkscape, or in matplotlib if there is data to be followed. If the geometry is simple, and the "orbits" circular, it might work, but if you're wanting to draw ellipses seen at an angle, the viewer may desire more visual clues on the whole 3D arrangement. Matplotlib does have 3d projection capability, but the dashed lines are drawn with constant width in the final 2D image view, not looking as if laid flat on the tilted planes. The 'proper' ordering of the surfaces also seems to be dependent on the view angle.
(You can see this in the black line which I didn't split at looks like it in 'on top of' the upper blue plane).
Thus surfaces can not intersect (one will be above the other every where), so you need to plot the sections on either side of the intersection separately. The reason for splitting up the plotting is that 'above' and 'below' are determined in a some what arcane way (I am not strictly sure the zorder actually does anything), and is really dependent on the order the artists are drawn in. I am running a version very close to the current master, so I am not Ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
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